Calories (15 °C, NBS 1939)
The 15 °C NBS 1939 calorie is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius, from 14.5 °C to 15.5 °C, at standard atmospheric pressure. This specific definition was established by the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) in 1939.
Btu (I.T.)
The British thermal unit (International Table), Btu (IT), is about 1,055 joules, roughly the energy needed to warm one pound of water by one degree Fahrenheit. In the United States air conditioners and furnaces are rated in Btu per hour.